{"id":33683,"date":"2020-08-17T02:13:28","date_gmt":"2020-08-16T19:13:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/indochinapost.vn\/?p=33683"},"modified":"2020-08-17T02:19:13","modified_gmt":"2020-08-16T19:19:13","slug":"ban-da-hieu-het-ve-lc-chua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/indochinapost.vn\/ban-da-hieu-het-ve-lc-chua.html\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft v\u1ec1 LC ch\u01b0a?"},"content":{"rendered":"
Th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng bong da truc tiep k+ s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh to\u00e1n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb cho ph\u00e9p bong da truc tiep k+ gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng thanh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 giao, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua b\u1eb1ng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 LC, m\u1eddi b\u1ea1n xem qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9!<\/span><\/p>\n LC<\/b> = <\/span>L<\/b>etter of<\/span>C<\/b>redit = Th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua\/ bong da truc tiep k+ ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng LC<\/p><\/div>\n <\/p>\n bong da truc tiep k+ mua h\u00e0ng\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n bong da truc tiep k+ y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edf LC (the applicant)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n bong da truc tiep k+ h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/p>\n bong da truc tiep k+ th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng (the beneficiary)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a LC<\/p><\/div>\n – Trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ho\u1eb7c bong da truc tiep k+ t\u1eeb 2 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i, k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n – Th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng (LC) trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201ct\u1ea5m v\u00e9 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o\u201d cho vi\u1ec7c mua b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua v\u00e0 bong da truc tiep k+ tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua hay bong da truc tiep k+ v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ti\u1ec1n sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ho\u1eb7c bong da truc tiep k+ \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n bong da truc tiep k+ ph\u1ea3i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ngng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng<\/b>l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd thanh to\u00e1n theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn. Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng bong da truc tiep k+ mua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thanh to\u00e1n. Ti\u1ec1n thanh to\u00e1n s\u1ebd t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch:<\/span><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n, Indochinapost v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho b\u1ea1n nh\u00e9<\/p><\/div>\n M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/span>(bong da truc tiep k+)<\/b>t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t bong da truc tiep k+ t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch bong da truc tiep k+ m\u1edbi<\/span>(bong da truc tiep k+ mua)<\/b>\u1edf Nh\u1eadt.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n bong da truc tiep k+ v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng (Commercial Contract). Trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c thanh to\u00e1n LC. Ngo\u00e0i ra h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong LC. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u ph\u1ea9y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch bong da truc tiep k+ n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 (ho\u1eb7c s\u1ebd) thanh to\u00e1n ti\u1ec1n bong da truc tiep k+ sau khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m sang Nh\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y:<\/span><\/p>\n – \u0110\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro;<\/span>bong da truc tiep k+<\/b>s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u bong da truc tiep k+ mua thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng (LC) ngay khi giao h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n – \u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c;<\/span>bong da truc tiep k+ mua<\/b>c\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng<\/span> (LC) t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ \u1edf Nh\u1eadt (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0<\/span>Ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ Ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh LC<\/b>). bong da truc tiep k+ mua c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n Ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh (Issuing bank) s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn s\u1ebd g\u1edfi LC cho ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o (Advising bank) \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1edfi cho<\/span>nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/span>(bong da truc tiep k+)<\/b>t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/span>(bong da truc tiep k+)<\/b>t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o (Advising bank). Sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 trong LC; n\u1ebfu b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00ec s\u1ebd giao h\u00e0ng cho bong da truc tiep k+ nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u.<\/span><\/p>\n Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/span>(bong da truc tiep k+)<\/b>t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 cho ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o (Advising bank) v\u00e0 k\u00e8m theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thanh to\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n Sau khi nh\u1eadn b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb, ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o (Advising bank) ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 ch\u01b0a? Trong thanh to\u00e1n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb th\u00ec b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/span>UCP (The Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits)<\/span><\/i>v\u00e0<\/span>ISBP (International Standard Banking Practice for the Examination of Documents Under Documentary Credits)<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o (Advising bank) t\u1ea1i VN s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i VN cho ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh (Issuing bank) \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra. Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00ec ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh (Issuing bank) ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o (Advising bank):<\/span><\/p>\n Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7; khi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o (Advising bank) \u0111\u00e3 thanh to\u00e1n cho nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u1edf LC s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh thanh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn bong da truc tiep k+ nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u.<\/span><\/p>\n Ti\u1ec1n s\u1ebd ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh LC (Issuing bank)<\/span><\/p>\n Ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho m\u1ed9t LC<\/p><\/div>\n C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ph\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i ho\u00e0n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn LC. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro trong kinh doanh. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch; nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 LC. M\u1ed9t sai s\u00f3t nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn thanh to\u00e1n; h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Xem th\u00eam t\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 C\/O ? C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd !<\/a><\/p>\nLC l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h2>\n
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L\u00fd do ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua\/ bong da truc tiep k+ ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng LC<\/b><\/h2>\n
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C\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia trong qua tr\u00ecnh thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng LC<\/b><\/h2>\n
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\n Ti\u1ebfng Anh<\/b><\/td>\n Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Importer (Buyer)<\/b><\/td>\n bong da truc tiep k+ nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \n Exporter (Seller)<\/b><\/td>\n bong da truc tiep k+ xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u<\/span><\/p>\n \n Issuing bank<\/b><\/td>\n Ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+<\/span>Ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh<\/b>LC<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Advising bank<\/b><\/td>\n Ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+<\/span>Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o<\/b>LC<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a LC<\/b><\/h2>\n
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\n B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 bong da truc tiep k+<\/b><\/td>\n N\u1ebfu<\/span>bong da truc tiep k+ mua<\/b> kh\u00f4ng thanh to\u00e1n<\/span><\/i>cho<\/span>bong da truc tiep k+<\/b>, <\/span>ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh LC<\/b>ph\u1ea3i thanh to\u00e1n cho<\/span>bong da truc tiep k+<\/b>mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0<\/span>bong da truc tiep k+<\/b>\u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong th\u01b0.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 bong da truc tiep k+ mua<\/b><\/td>\n N\u1ebfu<\/span>bong da truc tiep k+ mua<\/b>tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho<\/span>bong da truc tiep k+<\/b>\u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0<\/span>bong da truc tiep k+<\/b> kh\u00f4ng giao bong da truc tiep k+<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>bong da truc tiep k+ mua<\/b>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng LC t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ho\u00e0n l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 \u201cB\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba\u201d<\/b><\/h2>\n
Ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ quan t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n
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Khi n\u00e0o ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ thanh to\u00e1n?<\/b><\/h3>\n
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M\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n bong da truc tiep k+ h\u1ee9a tr\u1ea3 thay cho kh\u00e1ch bong da truc tiep k+, nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u ra?<\/b><\/h3>\n
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\u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n, Indochinapost v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho b\u1ea1n nh\u00e9<\/b><\/h2>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 1<\/b><\/h3>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 2<\/b><\/h3>\n
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B\u01b0\u1edbc 3<\/b><\/h3>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 4<\/i><\/b><\/h3>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 5<\/i><\/b><\/h3>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 6<\/i><\/b><\/h3>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 7<\/i><\/b><\/h3>\n
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B\u01b0\u1edbc 8<\/i><\/strong><\/h3>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 9<\/i><\/strong><\/h3>\n
Ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho m\u1ed9t LC<\/b><\/h2>\n
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Sai l\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng<\/b><\/h2>\n
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